Common printers that eject ink onto paper surfaces are 2D printers. The principle function of these is to print letters or picture in 2D. 2D printers only move in the x-axis and y-axis. However, 3D printers create a three-dimensional article based on a 3D view of the z-axis motion in addition to the input to it. 3D printers are going to cut a large stack and build up large chunks by creating a three-dimensional form, depending on how much is separated by a cutting type.
4D Printing Technology:
A 4D printer is an upgraded 3D printer. 3D printing is expressed through the z-axis. On the other hand, 4D printing is expressed through the self-assembly of a 3D object. Self-assembly means the printed material changes itself with heat, light, pressure and water. The column shape memory alloy to return to the original appearance of the road by a similar principle. First, the base of 4D is similar to 3D. The objects from 3D printer are not changed. However, the objects from 4D printer could be changed. This means the printed small one could be changed into a big one. The reason for this is that the material of 4D is different with 3D things. 4D printer uses smart materials. These smart materials are changed by heat, light or pressure. This means it will be very useful in any field.
2013 Director of the Institute of MIT self-assembly Skylar Tibbits has released the first printing 4d through the world TED speech and definition. 4D Printing will create a composite material through a multiplex 3D printing, where we achieved self-definition and self-transformation that transform from one shape into another.
According to the speech, 4D printing technology can be useful in our lives. This technology can be useful in the field of construction or in the field of biotechnology. It can be used to solve problems in production and infrastructure. In construction, we can look at a regular hexahedron. We need to use our power to planar figure for making a cube. However, the smart material product which made by 4D print make a cube by itself with heat. This means if we put the product in proper place, it will build building without human hands.
Here is one more example. There is a child who has Bronchomalacia in the U.S.A. Someone put the smart material splint which is printed by 4D printer in his airway. This is the best advantage of 4D printing. The child will be grown and his airway will be bigger. Also, this smart material splint will be bigger with him. Therefore, he does not need to do several surgeries. The great thing is if his airway gets its proper place, the splint will disappear without a trace.
In addition, it will be able to reduce the difficulties with the cost if you want to restore a form through that is too large and when they need to build in a costly and dangerous place, and then strain through a reduced volume variations as self and the universe. Besides, it doesn’t need to fix the drain pipe whenever the magic drains the water demand and the environment, soil, if you increase the speed or shrink freely according to the amount of water changes. Because It take care of itself while rocking carry water.
As like this picture, only one dress can be modified in a number of designs. As such 4D printing technology can affect a wide range of areas, rather than specific areas.
http://www.stratasys.com/ to study the 4D printer, such as MIT, they said. Even if not commercially available, self-assembly is the beginning of an innovative production world with a minimum of energy. Because environmental, economic, human, and other limitations are changed, we need a flexible technology that is eventually ease and convenience. 4D is a printing start of providing these interesting technology. Space, automobile, a fundamental change in the understanding of static our structures such as building industry, one of the On-The-Maned (to provide the needed information through a network according to the user's needs) are dynamic and soon, changes will possibly change.
With the implementation of 4D technology, we can soon imagine a wide range of applications such as home appliances and products that can adapt to heat or moisture to improve comfort or add functionality. Childcare products that react to humidity or temperature; i.e., clothes and footwear that optimize their form and function by reacting to changes in the environment.
3D printing 4th dimension
By Peter Feuilherade
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is the computer-controlled sequential layering of materials to create three‑dimensional shapes. Originally developed more than 30 years ago, it is only in recent years that applications of the technology have expanded in fields as diverse as aerospace, medicine and dentistry, construction, the automotive industry and clothing and footwear.
3D printed concept car
EDAG Genesis 3D-printed concept car (Photo: Photo: EDAG Group)
The main 3D printing technologies include Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM: melting of thermoplastic material by heating and then extruding it to create an object layer by layer), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS: using a high power carbon dioxide laser to fuse small particles of metal or plastic powder into 3D objects), Electron Beam Melting (EBM: using a cathode ray as a heat source to melt metal powder in a high vacuum, layer by layer, to create a product) and Stereolithography (SLA: producing 3D models layer by layer by curing a photo-reactive resin with a UV laser).
The additive nature of 3D printing helps in reducing wastage of materials and the associated costs. It now has a growing range of uses beyond rapid prototyping. Although 3D printers are still not cost-effective for most high-volume commercial manufacturing, they are faster and easier to use than they were, and can handle multiple materials. The expiry of key patents has allowed many small companies to produce cheap desktop 3D printers aimed at consumers.
A number of IEC Technical Committees (TCs) and Subcommittees (SCs) develop and coordinate International Standards covering the safety aspects of 3D printing and the electric and electronic components and technology used in additive manufacturing equipment.
What is the 4th Dimension?
A 4D printed object has a length, width, depth, and a different form depending on what time you look at it. A 4D object is not stationary. It moves and changes its form. Research is now under way on the next stage, dubbed “4D printing”, which involves the use of 3D-printed objects and materials able to change shape over time when immersed in liquids or exposed to external energy sources. When this happens, the object can be removed and used in the new form it just shaped into.
The old-fashioned way of assembling buildings and building cars may be at an end. This 4th dimension would eliminate the need for complex assembly. With 4D printing, we can produce an item that makes a complex build simple. Buildings could build themselves. Pipes could move their own water. Items could be self-constructed in space. 4D printing is no longer a dream. It is a reality.
References and Cited http://iecetech.org/issue/2016-01/Is-4D-printing-the-next-step http://theconversation.com/explainer-what-is-4d-printing-35696 http://www.stratasys.com/industries/education/research/4d-printing-project https://www.ted.com/talks/skylar_tibbits_the_emergence_of_4d_printing?language=en https://all3dp.com/4d-printing/ http://www.sjet.us/MIT_4D%20PRINTING.html What I want to explain here is 4D printer. But explanation first the 3D printer will be helpful to your understanding. Printers commonly known by ejecting ink to the paper surface equal to the principle for printing the letters or picture 2D. 2D printers only movement in the x-axis and y-axis, however, 3D printer creates a three-dimensional article based on a 3D view of the z-axis motion in addition the input to it. 3D printers are going to cut a large stacked and built up large chunks by creating a three-dimensional form, depending on how much separated by a cutting type.
So if you define a the 4D printer in a sentence, it is upgraded 3d printer. 4D is the 3D printer on the other hand, expressed through the z-axis is expressed through the self-assembly. Self-assembly means the printed material is changed by itself with heat, light, pressure and water. The column shape memory alloy to return to the original appearance of the road by a similar principle. First, the base of 4D is similar to 3D. The objects from 3D printer are not changed. However, the objects from 4D printer could be changed. This means the printed small one could be changed big one. The reason of that is the material of 4D is different with 3D things. 4D printer uses smart materials. These smart materials are changed by heat, light or pressure. This means it will be very useful in any field.
2013 Director of the Institute of MIT self-assembly Skylar Tibbits has released the first printing 4d through the world TED speech and definition. 4D Printing will create a composite material through a multiplex 3D printing, where we achieved self-definition and self-transformation that transform from one shape into another. https://www.ted.com/talks/skylar_tibbits_the_emergence_of_4d_printing According to the speech 4D printing technology it can be useful in our lives. In particular, the construction can be useful in the field or in the field of biotechnology including production difficulties and infrastructure.
For example, it could be used in construction. We know a regular hexahedron. We need to use our power to planar figure for making a cube. However, the smart material product which made by 4D print make a cube by itself with heat. This means if we put the product in proper place, it will build building without human's hands.
Here is one more example. There is a child who has Bronchomalacia in U.S.A. Someone put the smart material splint which is printed by 4D printer in his airway. The important point is it is applied the best advantage of 4D printing. The child will be grown and his airway will be bigger. Also, this smart material splint will be bigger with him. Therefore, he does not need to do several surgeries. The great thing is if his airway gets its proper place, the splint will be disappeared without a trace.
In addition, it will be able to reduce the difficulties with the cost if you want to restore a form through too large and when they need to build costly and dangerous place, and then strain through a reduced volume variations as self and the universe. Besides it doesn’t need to fix the drain pipe whenever the magic drains the water demand and the environment, soil, if you increase the speed or shrink freely according to the amount of water changes. Because It take care of itself while rocking carry water.
As like this picture, only one dress can be modified in a number of designs. As such 4D printing technology can affect a wide range of areas, rather than specific areas. http://www.stratasys.com/ to study the 4D printer, such as MIT, they said. Even if not commercially available, self-assembly is the beginning of an innovative production world with a minimum of energy. Because environmental, economic, human, and other limitations are changed, we need a flexible technology that is eventually ease and convenience. 4D is a printing start of providing these interesting technology. Space, automobile, a fundamental change in the understanding of static our structures such as building industry, one of the On-The-Maned (to provide the needed information through a network according to the user's needs) are dynamic and soon, changes will possibly change. As like this, the 4D print and 3D print is coming to us. It doesn’t have a huge impact like smart phone. However, it starts to permeate to our real life. It will be developed more and more, and it is going to be the necessary technology of our world. And then 5D printer which will be developed someday will be wonderfully.
4D printing
There are 3 kinds of modern printing methods:- 2D printing
- 3D printing
- Technology
- Future Applications
Common printers that eject ink onto paper surfaces are 2D printers. The principle function of these is to print letters or picture in 2D. 2D printers only move in the x-axis and y-axis. However, 3D printers create a three-dimensional article based on a 3D view of the z-axis motion in addition to the input to it. 3D printers are going to cut a large stack and build up large chunks by creating a three-dimensional form, depending on how much is separated by a cutting type.4D printing
3D Printing 4th Dimension
4D Printing Technology:
A 4D printer is an upgraded 3D printer. 3D printing is expressed through the z-axis. On the other hand, 4D printing is expressed through the self-assembly of a 3D object. Self-assembly means the printed material changes itself with heat, light, pressure and water. The column shape memory alloy to return to the original appearance of the road by a similar principle. First, the base of 4D is similar to 3D. The objects from 3D printer are not changed. However, the objects from 4D printer could be changed. This means the printed small one could be changed into a big one. The reason for this is that the material of 4D is different with 3D things. 4D printer uses smart materials. These smart materials are changed by heat, light or pressure. This means it will be very useful in any field.
2013 Director of the Institute of MIT self-assembly Skylar Tibbits has released the first printing 4d through the world TED speech and definition. 4D Printing will create a composite material through a multiplex 3D printing, where we achieved self-definition and self-transformation that transform from one shape into another.
https://www.ted.com/talks/skylar_tibbits_the_emergence_of_4d_printing
4D Printing Applications:
According to the speech, 4D printing technology can be useful in our lives. This technology can be useful in the field of construction or in the field of biotechnology. It can be used to solve problems in production and infrastructure.In construction, we can look at a regular hexahedron. We need to use our power to planar figure for making a cube. However, the smart material product which made by 4D print make a cube by itself with heat. This means if we put the product in proper place, it will build building without human hands.
Here is one more example. There is a child who has Bronchomalacia in the U.S.A. Someone put the smart material splint which is printed by 4D printer in his airway. This is the best advantage of 4D printing. The child will be grown and his airway will be bigger. Also, this smart material splint will be bigger with him. Therefore, he does not need to do several surgeries. The great thing is if his airway gets its proper place, the splint will disappear without a trace.
In addition, it will be able to reduce the difficulties with the cost if you want to restore a form through that is too large and when they need to build in a costly and dangerous place, and then strain through a reduced volume variations as self and the universe. Besides, it doesn’t need to fix the drain pipe whenever the magic drains the water demand and the environment, soil, if you increase the speed or shrink freely according to the amount of water changes. Because It take care of itself while rocking carry water.
As like this picture, only one dress can be modified in a number of designs. As such 4D printing technology can affect a wide range of areas, rather than specific areas.
http://www.stratasys.com/ to study the 4D printer, such as MIT, they said. Even if not commercially available, self-assembly is the beginning of an innovative production world with a minimum of energy. Because environmental, economic, human, and other limitations are changed, we need a flexible technology that is eventually ease and convenience. 4D is a printing start of providing these interesting technology. Space, automobile, a fundamental change in the understanding of static our structures such as building industry, one of the On-The-Maned (to provide the needed information through a network according to the user's needs) are dynamic and soon, changes will possibly change.
With the implementation of 4D technology, we can soon imagine a wide range of applications such as home appliances and products that can adapt to heat or moisture to improve comfort or add functionality. Childcare products that react to humidity or temperature; i.e., clothes and footwear that optimize their form and function by reacting to changes in the environment.
3D printing 4th dimension
By Peter Feuilherade
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is the computer-controlled sequential layering of materials to create three‑dimensional shapes. Originally developed more than 30 years ago, it is only in recent years that applications of the technology have expanded in fields as diverse as aerospace, medicine and dentistry, construction, the automotive industry and clothing and footwear.
EDAG Genesis 3D-printed concept car (Photo: Photo: EDAG Group)
The main 3D printing technologies include Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM: melting of thermoplastic material by heating and then extruding it to create an object layer by layer), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS: using a high power carbon dioxide laser to fuse small particles of metal or plastic powder into 3D objects), Electron Beam Melting (EBM: using a cathode ray as a heat source to melt metal powder in a high vacuum, layer by layer, to create a product) and Stereolithography (SLA: producing 3D models layer by layer by curing a photo-reactive resin with a UV laser).
The additive nature of 3D printing helps in reducing wastage of materials and the associated costs. It now has a growing range of uses beyond rapid prototyping. Although 3D printers are still not cost-effective for most high-volume commercial manufacturing, they are faster and easier to use than they were, and can handle multiple materials. The expiry of key patents has allowed many small companies to produce cheap desktop 3D printers aimed at consumers.
A number of IEC Technical Committees (TCs) and Subcommittees (SCs) develop and coordinate International Standards covering the safety aspects of 3D printing and the electric and electronic components and technology used in additive manufacturing equipment.
What is the 4th Dimension?
A 4D printed object has a length, width, depth, and a different form depending on what time you look at it. A 4D object is not stationary. It moves and changes its form. Research is now under way on the next stage, dubbed “4D printing”, which involves the use of 3D-printed objects and materials able to change shape over time when immersed in liquids or exposed to external energy sources. When this happens, the object can be removed and used in the new form it just shaped into.The old-fashioned way of assembling buildings and building cars may be at an end. This 4th dimension would eliminate the need for complex assembly. With 4D printing, we can produce an item that makes a complex build simple. Buildings could build themselves. Pipes could move their own water. Items could be self-constructed in space. 4D printing is no longer a dream. It is a reality.
References and Cited
http://iecetech.org/issue/2016-01/Is-4D-printing-the-next-step
http://theconversation.com/explainer-what-is-4d-printing-35696
http://www.stratasys.com/industries/education/research/4d-printing-project
https://www.ted.com/talks/skylar_tibbits_the_emergence_of_4d_printing?language=en
https://all3dp.com/4d-printing/
http://www.sjet.us/MIT_4D%20PRINTING.html
What I want to explain here is 4D printer. But explanation first the 3D printer will be helpful to your understanding. Printers commonly known by ejecting ink to the paper surface equal to the principle for printing the letters or picture 2D. 2D printers only movement in the x-axis and y-axis, however, 3D printer creates a three-dimensional article based on a 3D view of the z-axis motion in addition the input to it. 3D printers are going to cut a large stacked and built up large chunks by creating a three-dimensional form, depending on how much separated by a cutting type.
So if you define a the 4D printer in a sentence, it is upgraded 3d printer. 4D is the 3D printer on the other hand, expressed through the z-axis is expressed through the self-assembly. Self-assembly means the printed material is changed by itself with heat, light, pressure and water. The column shape memory alloy to return to the original appearance of the road by a similar principle. First, the base of 4D is similar to 3D. The objects from 3D printer are not changed. However, the objects from 4D printer could be changed. This means the printed small one could be changed big one. The reason of that is the material of 4D is different with 3D things. 4D printer uses smart materials. These smart materials are changed by heat, light or pressure. This means it will be very useful in any field.
2013 Director of the Institute of MIT self-assembly Skylar Tibbits has released the first printing 4d through the world TED speech and definition. 4D Printing will create a composite material through a multiplex 3D printing, where we achieved self-definition and self-transformation that transform from one shape into another.
https://www.ted.com/talks/skylar_tibbits_the_emergence_of_4d_printing
According to the speech 4D printing technology it can be useful in our lives. In particular, the construction can be useful in the field or in the field of biotechnology including production difficulties and infrastructure.
For example, it could be used in construction. We know a regular hexahedron. We need to use our power to planar figure for making a cube. However, the smart material product which made by 4D print make a cube by itself with heat. This means if we put the product in proper place, it will build building without human's hands.
Here is one more example. There is a child who has Bronchomalacia in U.S.A. Someone put the smart material splint which is printed by 4D printer in his airway. The important point is it is applied the best advantage of 4D printing. The child will be grown and his airway will be bigger. Also, this smart material splint will be bigger with him. Therefore, he does not need to do several surgeries. The great thing is if his airway gets its proper place, the splint will be disappeared without a trace.
In addition, it will be able to reduce the difficulties with the cost if you want to restore a form through too large and when they need to build costly and dangerous place, and then strain through a reduced volume variations as self and the universe. Besides it doesn’t need to fix the drain pipe whenever the magic drains the water demand and the environment, soil, if you increase the speed or shrink freely according to the amount of water changes. Because It take care of itself while rocking carry water.
As like this picture, only one dress can be modified in a number of designs. As such 4D printing technology can affect a wide range of areas, rather than specific areas.
http://www.stratasys.com/ to study the 4D printer, such as MIT, they said. Even if not commercially available, self-assembly is the beginning of an innovative production world with a minimum of energy. Because environmental, economic, human, and other limitations are changed, we need a flexible technology that is eventually ease and convenience. 4D is a printing start of providing these interesting technology. Space, automobile, a fundamental change in the understanding of static our structures such as building industry, one of the On-The-Maned (to provide the needed information through a network according to the user's needs) are dynamic and soon, changes will possibly change.
As like this, the 4D print and 3D print is coming to us. It doesn’t have a huge impact like smart phone. However, it starts to permeate to our real life. It will be developed more and more, and it is going to be the necessary technology of our world. And then 5D printer which will be developed someday will be wonderfully.